Native European Squirrel

The native European squirrel, commonly known as the Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), is a beloved species found throughout Europe and parts of northern Asia. Recognized by its distinctive reddish-brown fur, bushy tail, and tufted ears, the red squirrel is a tree-dwelling mammal that thrives in a variety of forested habitats, including coniferous, mixed, and broadleaf forests. These squirrels are particularly dependent on coniferous trees, which provide a crucial food source in the form of seeds.

The red squirrel plays a vital role in its ecosystem, particularly in seed dispersal, which helps maintain forest health. However, the species faces significant threats, especially from the introduction of the invasive grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) from North America. Grey squirrels are more adaptable, larger, and can carry the squirrelpox virus, which is lethal to red squirrels. As a result, red squirrel populations have declined in many parts of Europe, particularly in the UK and Italy, where grey squirrels have become widespread.

Conservation efforts are crucial to protecting the native European squirrel. These include habitat preservation, particularly of coniferous forests, and managing the spread of grey squirrels. Public awareness and involvement are also essential; simple actions like supporting local conservation programs or creating squirrel-friendly gardens with native trees can make a difference. By protecting the red squirrel and its habitat, we can help ensure that this iconic species continues to be a part of Europe’s natural heritage.